{"@context":"http://schema.org","@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3","@reverse":{"isBasedOn":[{"@type":"ScholarlyArticle","identifier":{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"URL","value":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2119969"}},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.082301","@type":"JournalArticle"}]},"@type":"Dataset","additionalType":"Collection","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"STAR Collaboration"},"creator":{"@type":"Organization","name":"STAR Collaboration"},"datePublished":"2024","description":"We report the beam energy and collision centrality dependence of fifth and sixth order cumulants ($C_{5}$, $C_{6}$) and factorial cumulants ($\\kappa_{5}$, $\\kappa_{6}$) of net-proton and proton distributions, from $\\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 3 - 200$ GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. The net-proton cumulant ratios generally follow the hierarchy expected from QCD thermodynamics, except for the case of collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. $C_{6}/C_{2}$ for 0-40% centrality collisions is increasingly negative with decreasing $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$, while it is positive for the lowest $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ studied. These observed negative signs are consistent with QCD calculations (at baryon chemical potential, $\\mu_{B} \\leq$ 110 MeV) that include a crossover quark-hadron transition. In addition, for $\\sqrt{s_{NN}} \\geq$ 11.5 GeV, the measured proton $\\kappa_{n}$, within uncertainties, does not support the two-component shape of proton distributions that would be expected from a first-order phase transition. Taken in combination, the hyper-order proton number fluctuations suggest that the structure of QCD matter at high baryon density, $\\mu_{B}\\sim 750$ MeV ($\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV) is starkly different from those at vanishing $\\mu_{B}\\sim 20$MeV ($\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and higher).","hasPart":[{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t1","@type":"Dataset","description":"Event-by-event proton multiplicity distributions for 0-40$\\%$, 0-5$\\%$ and 50-60$\\%$ Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 3 GeV. The distributions are not...","name":"Table 1"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t2","@type":"Dataset","description":"Proton factorial cumulants K4, K5 and K6 in 0-40$\\%$ and 50-60$\\%$ Au+Au collisions from $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 - 200 GeV....","name":"Table 2"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t3","@type":"Dataset","description":"Proton factorial cumulants K4, K5 and K6 from UrQMD model (0-40$\\%$ and 50-60$\\%$ centrality) for Au+Au collisions from $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ =...","name":"Table 3"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t4","@type":"Dataset","description":"Net-proton cumulant ratios C4/C2, C5/C1, C6/C2 (0-40$\\%$ and 50-60$\\%$ centrality) and C3/C1 (0-40$\\%$ centrality) in Au+Au collisions from $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ =...","name":"Table 4"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t5","@type":"Dataset","description":"Net-proton cumulant ratios C4/C2, C5/C1, C6/C2 (0-40$\\%$ and 50-60$\\%$ centrality) and C3/C1 (0-40$\\%$ centrality) from UrQMD model in Au+Au collisions...","name":"Table 5"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t6","@type":"Dataset","description":"Fifth-to-first (KS5/KS1) and sixth-to-second (KS6/KS2) order K-statistic ratios of net-proton distributions in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7 GeV for...","name":"Table 6"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t7","@type":"Dataset","description":"Net-proton cumulant ratio C6/C2 and corresponding K-statistic ratio (0-40$\\%$) in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7 GeV as a function...","name":"Table 7"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t8","@type":"Dataset","description":"Cumulant ratios C4/C2, C5/C1, C6/C2 and C3/C1 of net-proton distributions measured with half rapdity coverage (-0.5 $<$ y $<$ 0)...","name":"Table 8"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.132661.v3/t9","@type":"Dataset","description":"Cumulant ratios C5/C1 of net-proton distributions measured in 40-50$\\%$, 60-70$\\%$, and 70-80$\\%$ Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. This...","name":"Table 9"}],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"HEPDataRecord","value":"https://www.hepdata.net/record/ins2119969?version=3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"HEPDataRecordAlt","value":"https://www.hepdata.net/record/132661"}],"inLanguage":"en","name":"Beam Energy Dependence of Fifth and Sixth-Order Net-proton Number Fluctuations in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC","provider":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HEPData"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HEPData"},"url":"https://www.hepdata.net/record/ins2119969?version=3","version":3}