{"@context":"http://schema.org","@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2","@reverse":{"isBasedOn":[{"@type":"ScholarlyArticle","identifier":{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"URL","value":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2724476"}},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.110.054911","@type":"JournalArticle"}]},"@type":"Dataset","additionalType":"Collection","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"STAR Collaboration"},"creator":{"@type":"Organization","name":"STAR Collaboration"},"datePublished":"2026","description":"We report the systematic measurement of protons and light nuclei production in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{\\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) spectra of protons ($p$), deuterons ($d$), tritons ($t$), $^{3}\\mathrm{He}$, and $^{4}\\mathrm{He}$ are measured from mid-rapidity to target rapidity for different collision centralities. We present the rapidity and centrality dependence of particle yields ($dN/dy$), average transverse momentum ($\\langle p_{T}\\rangle$), yield ratios ($d/p$, $t/p$,$^{3}\\mathrm{He}/p$, $^{4}\\mathrm{He}/p$), as well as the coalescence parameters ($B_2$, $B_3$). The 4$\\pi$ yields for various particles are determined by utilizing the measured rapidity distributions, $dN/dy$. Furthermore, we present the energy, centrality, and rapidity dependence of the compound yield ratios ($N_{p} \\times N_{t} / N_{d}^{2}$) and compare them with various model calculations. The physics implications of those results on the production mechanism of light nuclei and on QCD phase structure are discussed.","hasPart":[{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t1","@type":"Dataset","description":"Weak decay feed-down fraction of protons (%) at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical...","name":"Table III"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t2","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of inclusive protons in 0-10% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Table for inclusive proton 0-10%"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t3","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of inclusive protons in 10-20% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Table for inclusive proton 10-20%"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t4","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of inclusive protons in 20-40% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Table for inclusive proton 20-40%"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t5","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of inclusive protons in 40-80% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Table for inclusive proton 40-80%"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t6","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of primordial protons in 0-10% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Fig 5 (primordial proton 0-10%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t7","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of primordial protons in 10-20% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Fig 5 (primordial proton 10-20%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t8","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of primordial protons in 20-40% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Fig 5 (primordial proton 20-40%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t9","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of primordial protons in 40-80% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Fig 5 (primordial proton 40-80%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t10","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of deuterons in 0-10% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 5 (deuteron 0-10%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t11","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of deuterons in 10-20% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 5 (deuteron 10-20%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t12","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of deuterons in 20-40% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 5 (deuteron 20-40%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t13","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of deuterons in 40-80% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 5 (deuteron 40-80%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t14","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of tritons in 0-10% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 5 (triton 0-10%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t15","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of tritons in 10-20% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 5 (triton 10-20%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t16","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of tritons in 20-40% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 5 (triton 20-40%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t17","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of tritons in 40-80% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 5 (triton 40-80%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t18","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of $^{3}He$ in 0-10% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 6 (Helium3 0-10%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t19","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of $^{3}He$ in 10-20% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 6 (Helium3 10-20%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t20","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of $^{3}He$ in 20-40% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 6 (Helium3 20-40%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t21","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of $^{3}He$ in 40-80% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 6 (Helium3 40-80%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t22","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of $^{4}He$ in 0-10% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 6 (Helium4 0-10%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t23","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of $^{4}He$ in 10-20% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 6 (Helium4 10-20%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t24","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of $^{4}He$ in 20-40% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 6 (Helium4 20-40%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t25","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum spectra of $^{4}He$ in 40-80% Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are...","name":"Fig 6 (Helium4 40-80%)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t26","@type":"Dataset","description":"Averaged transverse momentum ($$) of primordial protons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical...","name":"Fig 7(primordial proton)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t27","@type":"Dataset","description":"Averaged transverse momentum ($$) of deuterons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and...","name":"Fig 7(deuteron)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t28","@type":"Dataset","description":"Averaged transverse momentum ($$) of tritons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and...","name":"Fig 7(triton)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t29","@type":"Dataset","description":"Averaged transverse momentum ($$) of $^{3}He$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and...","name":"Fig 7(Helium3)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t30","@type":"Dataset","description":"Averaged transverse momentum ($$) of $^{4}He$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and...","name":"Fig 7(Helium4)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t31","@type":"Dataset","description":"Integral Yield (dN/dy) of inclusive protons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and...","name":"Table V(inclusive proton)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t32","@type":"Dataset","description":"Integral Yield (dN/dy) of primordial protons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and...","name":"Table V from Fig 8(primordial proton)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t33","@type":"Dataset","description":"Integral Yield (dN/dy) of deuterons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic...","name":"Table VI from Fig 8(deuteron)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t34","@type":"Dataset","description":"Integral Yield (dN/dy) of tritons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic...","name":"Table VI from Fig 8(triton)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t35","@type":"Dataset","description":"Integral Yield (dN/dy) of $^{3}He$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic...","name":"Table VI from Fig 8(Helium3)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t36","@type":"Dataset","description":"Integral Yield (dN/dy) of $^{4}He$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic...","name":"Table VI from Fig8(Helium4)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t37","@type":"Dataset","description":"$4\\pi$ yield for primordial protons and light nuclei at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The...","name":"Table VII"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t38","@type":"Dataset","description":"deuteron to proton ratios at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Fig 11(d/p)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t39","@type":"Dataset","description":"triton to proton ratios at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Fig 11(t/p)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t40","@type":"Dataset","description":"helium3 to proton ratios at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Fig 11(he3/p)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t41","@type":"Dataset","description":"helium4 to proton ratios at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties...","name":"Fig 11(he4/p)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t42","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum dependence of $\\sqrt[A-1]{B_{A}} (GeV^{2}/c^{3})$ of deuterons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The...","name":"Fig 13(deuteron)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t43","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum dependence of $\\sqrt[A-1]{B_{A}} (GeV^{2}/c^{3})$ of tritons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The...","name":"Fig 13(triton)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t44","@type":"Dataset","description":"Transverse momentum dependence of $\\sqrt[A-1]{B_{A}} (GeV^{2}/c^{3})$ of $^{3}He$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The...","name":"Fig 13(Helium3)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t45","@type":"Dataset","description":"Rapidity dependence of $\\sqrt[A-1]{B_{A}} (GeV^{2}/c^{3})$ of deuterons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical...","name":"Fig 14(deuteron)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t46","@type":"Dataset","description":"Rapidity dependence of $\\sqrt[A-1]{B_{A}} (GeV^{2}/c^{3})$ of tritons at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical...","name":"Fig 14(triton)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t47","@type":"Dataset","description":"Rapidity dependence of $\\sqrt[A-1]{B_{A}} (GeV^{2}/c^{3})$ of $^{3}He$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical...","name":"Fig 14(Helium3)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t48","@type":"Dataset","description":"Collision energy dependence of $B_{A}$ at middle rapidity in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 - 200 GeV. The primordial...","name":"Fig 15"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t49","@type":"Dataset","description":"Centrality dependence of $N_{p}\\times N_{t}/N_{d}^{2}$ in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic uncertainties are shown...","name":"Fig 16(a)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t50","@type":"Dataset","description":"Centrality dependence of $N_{^{4}He} \\times N_{p}/N_{^{3}He} \\times N_{d}$ in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic...","name":"Fig 16(b)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t51","@type":"Dataset","description":"Centrality dependence of $N_{^{4}He} \\times N_{d}/N_{^{3}He} \\times N_{t}$ in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and systematic...","name":"Fig 16(c)"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t52","@type":"Dataset","description":"Rapidity dependence of $N_{p} \\times N_{t}/N_{d}^{2}$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The statistical and...","name":"Table for $N_{p} \\times N_{t}/N_{d}^{2}$"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t53","@type":"Dataset","description":"Rapidity dependence of $N_{^{4}He} \\times N_{p}/N_{^{3}He} \\times N_{d}$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The...","name":"Table for $N_{^{4}He} \\times N_{p}/N_{^{3}He} \\times N_{d}$"},{"@id":"https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.145837.v2/t54","@type":"Dataset","description":"Rapidity dependence of $N_{^{4}He} \\times N_{d}/N_{^{3}He} \\times N_{t}$ at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. The...","name":"Table for $N_{^{4}He} \\times N_{d}/N_{^{3}He} \\times N_{t}$"}],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"HEPDataRecord","value":"https://www.hepdata.net/record/ins2724476?version=2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"HEPDataRecordAlt","value":"https://www.hepdata.net/record/145837"}],"inLanguage":"en","name":"Production of Protons and Light Nuclei in Au+Au Collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{\\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV with the STAR Detector","provider":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HEPData"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HEPData"},"url":"https://www.hepdata.net/record/ins2724476?version=2","version":2}