Neutron-proton total cross-sections were measured in the momentum range from 8 GeV/ c to 21 GeV/ c with an accuracy of better than 2% using a 0 o neutron beam at the CERN Proton Synchrotron. The np total cross-section drops from 39.7 mb at 8 GeV/ c at 21 GeV/ c , and thus follows closely the pp total cross-sections in this momentum interval.
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Differential cross sections have been measured for nucleon-isobar production and elastic scattering in p−p interactions from 6.2 to 29.7 GeVc in the laboratory angle range 8<θsc<265 mrad. N*' s at 1236, 1410, 1500, 1690, and 2190 MeV were observed. Computer fits to the mass spectra under varying assumptions of resonance and background shapes show that conclusions on t and s dependence are only slightly affected despite typical variations in absolute normalization of ± 35%. Logarithmic t slopes in the small- |t| range are ∼15 (GeVc)−2 for the N*(1410), ∼5 (GeVc)−2 for the N*'s at 1500, 1690, and 2190 MeV, and ∼9 (GeVc)−2 for elastic scattering. Also for the small- |t| data, cross sections for N*'s at 1410, 1500, 1690, and 2190 MeV and for elastic scattering vary only slightly with Pinc consistent with the dominance of Pomeranchuk exchange and with diffraction dissociation. A fit of N*(1690) total cross sections to the form σ∝P−n gives n=0.34±0.06, while for elastic scattering n=0.20±0.05. For the N*(1690) the effective Regge trajectory has the slope αeff′(0)=0.38±0.17. When compared with N* production in π−, K−, and p¯ beams these data also agree with approximate factorization of the Pomeranchuk trajectory. N*(1236) cross sections are consistent with other measurements at similar momenta. For −t>1 (GeVc)−2, elastic scattering cross sections decrease approximately as Pinc−2, and they and N*(1500)− and N*(1690)− production cross sections have t slopes consistent with 1.6 (GeVc)−2.
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The spin rotation parameter R in elastic proton-proton scattering has been determined at incident momenta 6 and 16 GeV/ c in the interval from t = −0.18 (GeV/ c ) 2 to −0.54 (GeV/ c ) 2 . R pp at 16 GeV/ c is close to the val obtained for R in π − p elastic scattering at the same incident momentum. Equality of R pp ( s , t ) and R π p ( s , t ) is expected if Pomeron exchange dominates and if factorization holds. The t -dependence of R at 16 GeV/ c is consistent with weak helicity flip.
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Results are presented on an analysis of the reaction K + p → K ∗+ (890) p at 16 GeV/ c and compared with data at lower incident momenta and with corresponding results for the reaction K − p → K ∗− (890) p. It is found for both reactions that the energy dependence of the cross section exhibits a simple ( p − n lab behaviour.
BREIT-WIGNER RESONANCE FITS WITH BACKGROUND.
A systematic analysis is presented on the reaction K + p → K ∗0 (890) Δ ++ for nine incident momenta between 4.6–16.0 GeV/ c . Cross sections, differential cross sections and vector meson single density matrix elements are given. As a function of energy, little if any change is observed in either the shapes of the differential cross sections or in the values of the density matrix elements. The data are interpreted in terms of current ideas on t -channel exchange mechanisms.
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A partial-wave analysis of the (K ππ ) 0 system produced in the charge exchange reaction K − p →( K 0 π + π − ) n has been made in the mass range 1.04 ⩽ M (K ππ ) < 1.56 GeV c data at 8, 10 and 16 GeV/ c . It was found that in about 2 3 of the cases, the (K ππ ) 0 system is produced in states of unnatural spin-parity, namely J P = 0 − and 1 + ; the rest is in the natural spin-parity state J P = 2 + state is consistent with being all K ∗ (1420). The unnatural spin-parity states are produced mostly (∼ 80% of the events) by natural parity exchange. The facts that unnatural spin-parity states are produced in this non-diffractive channel, with J P = 1 + dominant, and that the exchange responsible for their production is mostly of natural parity, are similar to what was found for the charged (K ππ ) − system in the diffractive reaction K − p→(K ππ ) − p. However, the absolute value and the energy dependence of the cross sections are very different in the two cases.
CORRECTED FOR UNSEEN AK0 DECAY MODES.
ACTUALLY CROSS SECTIONS FOR PRODUCTION IN MASS REGION 1.04 < M(AK0 PI+ PI-) < 1.56 GEV IN THE STATES JP = 1+, 2+ AND 0- RESPECTIVELY.
The average charged particle multiplicity, 〈 n ch ( M X 2 )〉, in the reaction K + p→K o X ++ is studied as a function of the mass squared, M X 2 , of the recoil system X and also as a function of the K o transverse momentum, p T , at incident momenta of 5.0, 8.2 and 16.0 GeV/ c . The complete data samples yield distributions which are not independent of c.m. energy squared, s , They exhibit a linear dependence on log ( M X 2 X / M o 2 )[ M o 2 =1 GeV 2 ] with a change in slope occurring for M X 2 ≈ s /2, and do not agree with the corresponding distributions of 〈 n ch 〉 as a function of s for K + p inelastic scattering. Sub-samples of the data for which K o production via beam fragmentation, central production and target fragmentation are expected to be the dominant mechanisms show that, within error, the distribution of 〈 n ch ( M X 2 )〉 versus M X 2 is independent of incident momentum for each sub-sample separately. In particular in the beam fragmentation region the 〈 n ch ( M X 2 )〉 versus M X 2 distribution agrees rather well with that of 〈 n ch 〉 versus s for inelastic K + p interactions. The latter result agrees with recent results on the reactions pp → pX and π − p → pX in the NAL energy range. Evidence is presented for the presence of different production mechanisms in these separate regions.
Two parametrizations are used for fitting of the mean multiplicity of the charged particles : MULT = CONST(C=A) + CONST(C=B)*LOG(M(P=4 5)**2/GEV**2) and MULT = CONST(C=ALPHA)**(M(P=4 5)**2/GEV**2)**POWER.
The differential cross sections for neutron-proton charge-exchange scattering have been measured for incident neutron momenta between 8 and 29 GeV /c and for four-momentum transfers | t | between 0.002 and 1.0 (GeV/ c ) 2 . A neutron beam with a broad momentum spectrum was scattered from a liquid hydrogen target. The momenta and scattering angles of the forward-scattered protons were measured by a spark-chamber magnet spectrometer. The flight times and scattering angles of the recoil neutrons were measured by a bank of thick scintillation counters. The efficiencies of the neutron counters were determined in a separate measurement. Absolute normalization of the data was obtained from a measurement of the diffraction dissociation of neutrons from carbon nuclei. Differential cross sections, based on ∼ 23 000 events, are presented for 9 different momenta. The shape of the differential cross sections and the momentum dependence are examined in detail.
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A comparison is made of the properties and production mechanisms of the π + ω and K − ω systems produced in the reactions π + p → π + ω p at 4, 5, 8 and 16 GeV/ c and K − p → K − ω p at 10 and 16 GeV/ c . In the π + ω case apeak is observed at 1.23 GeV (the B meson), while the K − ω mass distribution has a threshold enhancement. The cross section of the low mass (<2.0 GeV) π + ω system falls as p lab −2 , while that of the low mass (<2.0 GeV) K − ω system is almost constant with energy, indicating diffractive production of the K − ω system, but not of the πω system. Using a modified version of the Illinois partial-wave analysis program, it is found that the K − ω system is dominantly produced in the J P = 1 + state with small contributions of 0 − and 2 + , mainly by natural parity exchange - as is found for reactions such as K − p → (K − π + π − )p which are predominantly diffractive. For the π + ω system in the B mass region, J P = 1 + states, produced mainly by natural parity exchange are found; the contributions of 0 − P, 1 − P, 2 − P and 2 + D are consistent with zero. The 1 + D state occurs in the π + ω case but not in the K − ω system, nor in the K ππ − system produced in the K − p → K ππ p reaction.
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FROM BREIT-WIGNER FIT TO B EVENTS AND CORRECTED FOR UNSEEN OMEGA DECAY MODES.
The neutron-proton elastic differential cross section has been measured for incident momenta between 10 and 70 GeV/c and for values of the momentum transfer squared between 0.1 and 2.8 (GeV/c) 2 . The forward peak and the break at about ∣ t ∣ = 1 (GeV/ c ) 2 are very similar to corresponding pp data.
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