Observation of enhanced long-range elliptic anisotropies inside high-multiplicity jets in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV

The CMS collaboration Hayrapetyan, Aram ; Tumasyan, Armen ; Adam, Wolfgang ; et al.
CMS-HIN-21-013, 2023.
Inspire Record 2741115 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.146015

A search for partonic collective effects inside jets produced in proton-proton collisions is performed via correlation measurements of charged constituents using the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The analysis uses data collected at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm with a distance parameter of 0.8 and are required to have transverse momentum greater than 550 GeV and pseudorapidity $\lvert\eta\rvert$$\lt$ 1.6. Two-particle correlations among the charged constituents within the jets are studied as functions of the particles' azimuthal angle and pseudorapidity separations ($\Delta\phi^*$ and $\Delta\eta^*$) in a jet coordinate basis, where constituents' $\eta^*$, $\phi^*$ are defined relative to the direction of the jet. The correlation functions are studied in classes of in-jet charged-particle multiplicity up to $N_\text{ch}^\mathrm{j}$$\approx$ 100. Fourier harmonics are extracted from long-range azimuthal correlation functions to characterize azimuthal anisotropy for $\lvert\Delta\eta^*\rvert$$\gt$ 2. For low-multiplicity jets, the long-range elliptic anisotropic harmonic, $v^*_2$, is observed to decrease with $N_\text{ch}^\mathrm{j}$. This trend is well described by Monte Carlo event generators. However, a rising trend for $v^*_2$ emerges at $N_\text{ch}^\mathrm{j}$$\gtrsim$ 80, hinting at a possible onset of collective behavior, which is not reproduced by the models tested. This observation yields new insights into the dynamics of parton fragmentation processes in the vacuum.

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Event-by-event correlations between $\Lambda$ ($\bar{\Lambda}$) hyperon global polarization and handedness with charged hadron azimuthal separation in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}} = 27 \text{ GeV}$ from STAR

The STAR collaboration Abdulhamid, M.I. ; Aboona, B.E. ; Adam, J. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 108 (2023) 014909, 2023.
Inspire Record 2652850 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.140262

Global polarizations ($P$) of $\Lambda$ ($\bar{\Lambda}$) hyperons have been observed in non-central heavy-ion collisions. The strong magnetic field primarily created by the spectator protons in such collisions would split the $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ global polarizations ($\Delta P = P_{\Lambda} - P_{\bar{\Lambda}} < 0$). Additionally, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) predicts topological charge fluctuations in vacuum, resulting in a chirality imbalance or parity violation in a local domain. This would give rise to an imbalance ($\Delta n = \frac{N_{\text{L}} - N_{\text{R}}}{\langle N_{\text{L}} + N_{\text{R}} \rangle} \neq 0$) between left- and right-handed $\Lambda$ ($\bar{\Lambda}$) as well as a charge separation along the magnetic field, referred to as the chiral magnetic effect (CME). This charge separation can be characterized by the parity-even azimuthal correlator ($\Delta\gamma$) and parity-odd azimuthal harmonic observable ($\Delta a_{1}$). Measurements of $\Delta P$, $\Delta\gamma$, and $\Delta a_{1}$ have not led to definitive conclusions concerning the CME or the magnetic field, and $\Delta n$ has not been measured previously. Correlations among these observables may reveal new insights. This paper reports measurements of correlation between $\Delta n$ and $\Delta a_{1}$, which is sensitive to chirality fluctuations, and correlation between $\Delta P$ and $\Delta\gamma$ sensitive to magnetic field in Au+Au collisions at 27 GeV. For both measurements, no correlations have been observed beyond statistical fluctuations.

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Direct Photon Plus Away - Side Jet Production in $p p$ Collisions at $s^1$/2 = 63-{GeV} and a Determination of the Gluon Distribution

The Axial Field Spectrometer collaboration Åkesson, T. ; Albrow, M.G. ; Almehed, S. ; et al.
Z.Phys.C 34 (1987) 293, 1987.
Inspire Record 235690 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.15800

We have determined the double inclusive cross-section for opposite-side high-pT photons and away-side jets withθγ≈θjet≈90° produced inpp collisions at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings at\(\sqrt s= 63\) GeV. Under the assumption that these events arise predominantly from the QCD gluon Compton process we have calculated the gluon structure function in the range 0.15≦x≦0.30 at an average square of the four-momentum transfer of 40 GeV2/c2. The data favour a soft gluon distribution in the proton.

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Direct Evidence for the Emergence of Jets in Events Triggered on Large Transverse Energy in $p p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=63$-{GeV}

The Axial Field Spectrometer collaboration Akesson, T. ; Albrow, M.G. ; Almehed, S. ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 118 (1982) 185-192, 1982.
Inspire Record 179517 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.30854

We present data obtained from a 1.7 sr hadron calorimeter, triggered on transverse energy, in pp collisions at s =63 GeV at the CERN-ISR. From the change in the distribution of energy in the calorimeter, we extract the cross section for two-constituent hard scattering for p T between 6 and 14 GeV at y = 0. The decrease of this jet cross section over this p T range is consistent with exp (− bp T ), with b = (1.02 ± 0.09) GeV −1 . The slope and normalization of the cross section agree well with a QCD motivated Monte Carlo model. The ratio between jet and single particle cross sections [ dσ JET / dp T )/( dσ π 0 / dp T )]| y = 0 changes from about 200 at 6 GeV to about 1500 at 14 GeV.

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High $p_T \gamma$ and $\pi^0$ Production, Inclusive and With a Recoil Hadronic Jet, in $p p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=63$-{GeV}

The Axial Field Spectrometer collaboration Akesson, T. ; Albrow, M.G. ; Almehed, S. ; et al.
Sov.J.Nucl.Phys. 51 (1990) 836-845, 1990.
Inspire Record 281284 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.48816

None

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A Measurement of the Inclusive $\pi^0$ and $\eta$ Production Cross-sections at High $p_T$ in $p \bar{p}$ and $p p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=24$.3-{GeV}

The UA6 & CERN-Lausanne-Michigan-Rockefeller collaborations Antille, J. ; Baumann, S. ; Bernasconi, A. ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 194 (1987) 568, 1987.
Inspire Record 247579 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.30119

Inclusive π 0 and η production at large transverse momentum were studied in both p̄p and pp interactions at √ s = 24.3 GeV. The experiment was performed using an internal molecular hydrogen gas jet target in the CERN SPS collider. No significant differences between production in p̄p and pp were observed in the transverse momentum range 2.5 < P T < 5.1 GeV/ c .

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Systematic studies of the centrality and s(NN)**(1/2) dependence of dE(T)/d mu and d N(ch)/d mu in heavy ion collisions at mid-rapidity.

The PHENIX collaboration Adler, S.S. ; Afanasiev, S. ; Aidala, C. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 71 (2005) 034908, 2005.
Inspire Record 659749 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.142940

The PHENIX experiment at RHIC has measured transverse energy and charged particle multiplicity at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 19.6, 130 and 200 GeV as a function of centrality. The presented results are compared to measurements from other RHIC experiments, and experiments at lower energies. The sqrt(s_NN) dependence of dE_T/deta and dN_ch/deta per pair of participants is consistent with logarithmic scaling for the most central events. The centrality dependence of dE_T/deta and dN_ch/deta is similar at all measured incident energies. At RHIC energies the ratio of transverse energy per charged particle was found independent of centrality and growing slowly with sqrt(s_NN). A survey of comparisons between the data and available theoretical models is also presented.

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System size and energy dependence of jet-induced hadron pair correlation shapes in Cu + Cu and Au + Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 200-GeV and 62.4-GeV.

The PHENIX collaboration Adare, A. ; Adler, S.S. ; Afanasiev, S. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.Lett. 98 (2007) 232302, 2007.
Inspire Record 731669 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.142605

We present azimuthal angle correlations of intermediate transverse momentum (1-4 GeV/c) hadrons from {dijets} in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 62.4 and 200 GeV. The away-side dijet induced azimuthal correlation is broadened, non-Gaussian, and peaked away from \Delta\phi=\pi in central and semi-central collisions in all the systems. The broadening and peak location are found to depend upon the number of participants in the collision, but not on the collision energy or beam nuclei. These results are consistent with sound or shock wave models, but pose challenges to Cherenkov gluon radiation models.

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A Comparison of Hadron Production in $p \bar{p}$ and $p p$ Collisions in the Central Region at $\sqrt{s}=53$-{GeV}

The Axial Field Spectrometer collaboration Akesson, T. ; Albrow, M.G. ; Almehed, S. ; et al.
Nucl.Phys.B 228 (1983) 409-423, 1983.
Inspire Record 190653 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.37131

We have studied the inclusive production of the hadrons π ± , K ± , p, p , Λ, Λ , ρ and ⋉ in the central region at the ISR s = 53 GeV , in both pp and p p collisions. Differences are observed only for K ± , p, and p production. We then study also correlations between low- p T pp and p p pairs in the two types of collisions, separating the contribution from baryon pair production and from the incident particles (stopping protons). We observe a positive correlation between two stopping protons; between the production of two pairs, and between a stopping proton and a pair production, there are negative correlations.

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Measurement of transverse-single-spin asymmetries for midrapidity and forward-rapidity production of hadrons in polarized p+p collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$200 and 62.4 GeV

The PHENIX collaboration Adare, A. ; Afanasiev, S. ; Aidala, C. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 90 (2014) 012006, 2014.
Inspire Record 1268155 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.143306

Measurements of transverse-single-spin asymmetries ($A_{N}$) in $p$$+$$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$62.4 and 200 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC are presented. At midrapidity, $A_{N}$ is measured for neutral pion and eta mesons reconstructed from diphoton decay, and at forward rapidities, neutral pions are measured using both diphotons and electromagnetic clusters. The neutral-pion measurement of $A_{N}$ at midrapidity is consistent with zero with uncertainties a factor of 20 smaller than previous publications, which will lead to improved constraints on the gluon Sivers function. At higher rapidities, where the valence quark distributions are probed, the data exhibit sizable asymmetries. In comparison with previous measurements in this kinematic region, the new data extend the kinematic coverage in $\sqrt{s}$ and $p_T$, and it is found that the asymmetries depend only weakly on $\sqrt{s}$. The origin of the forward $A_{N}$ is presently not understood quantitatively. The extended reach to higher $p_T$ probes the transition between transverse momentum dependent effects at low $p_T$ and multi-parton dynamics at high $p_T$.

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