The differential cross section for π − p → n π o has been measured in detail from 150 to 600 MeV. The backward cross section has a previously unobserved dramatic dip at 425 MeV. We interpret this dip in terms of interference between the P 33 (1236) and the P 11 (1470) resonances. These data provide strong evidence for the adequacy of the phase shift solutions in this energy range.
SCALED TO AGREE WITH SOLUTION AT 225 MEV AND THEN INTERPOLATED.
SCALED TO AGREE WITH SOLUTION AT 225 MEV AND THEN INTERPOLATED.
SCALED TO AGREE WITH SOLUTION AT 225 MEV AND THEN INTERPOLATED.
The asymmetry in the scattering of π− mesons by polarized protons has been measured at 50 different momenta from 0.643 to 2.14 GeV/c. Results were obtained at values of cosθ ranging from approximately +0.9 to -0.95 in the c.m. system at each incident pion momentum. The pion beam was incident on a 7.6-cm-long crystal assembly of lanthanum magnesium nitrate, in which the hydrogen in the water of crystallization was polarized by the "solid effect." The total momentum spread of the beam was 10% (full width at half-height) and data were collected simultaneously in 4 momentum channels, each with 2½% full width at half-height. A gas Čherenkov counter was used to reject incoming electrons. Scattered particles were detected in scintillation counter arrays placed within the 10-cm gap of the polarized target magnet. Encoded information from each array was stored in the memory of a PDP-5 computer connected on-line to a fast electronic logic network. The computer was programmed to classify the events according to momentum and scattering angle and subdivide them into coplanar and noncoplanar categories. The latter provided a measure of the background. The results have been expressed in the form of an expansion in terms of first associated Legendre polynomial series and compared with the predictions of recent phase-shift solutions. It is concluded that although these analyses give satisfactory predictions of the general features of the results, no one solution gives complete agreement with the data above about 1.0 GeV/c.
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We report a new measurement of the differential cross section for π−p→π0n from pπ=649 to 752 MeV/c, which is around the opening of the η channel (685 MeV/c). Our data support the main features of the π−p charge-exchange differential cross sections generated by the SAID πN partial-wave analysis. The opening of the η channel has a clear effect on the shape of the excitation function for dσ(π−p→π0n), which is most noticeable in the backward direction.
Differential cross section for incident pion momentum 649, 654 and 657 MeV.
Differential cross section for incident pion momentum 661, 666 and 669 MeV.
Differential cross section for incident pion momentum 673, 678 and 681 MeV.
The differential cross section for η production in reaction π−p→ηn has been measured over the full angular range at seven incident π− beam momenta from threshold to pπ−=747 MeV/c using the Crystal Ball multiphoton spectrometer. The angular distributions are S wave dominated. At 10 MeV/c above threshold, a small D-wave contribution appears that interferes with the main S wave. The total η production cross section σtot is obtained by integration of dσ/dΩ. Starting at threshold, σtot rises rapidly, as expected for S-wave-dominated production. The features of the π−p→ηn cross section are strikingly similar to those of the SU(3) flavor-related process K−p→ηΛ. Comparison of the π−p→ηn reaction is made with η photoproduction.
Total cross sections.
Differential cross section for the 4 lowest beam momenta.
Differential cross section for the 3 highest beam momenta.
Reaction π−p→π0π0n has been measured with high statistics in the beam momentum range 270–750MeV∕c. The data were obtained using the Crystal Ball multiphoton spectrometer, which has 93% of 4π solid angle coverage. The dynamics of the π−p→π0π0n reaction and the dependence on the beam energy are displayed in total cross sections, Dalitz plots, invariant-mass spectra, and production angular distributions. Special attention is paid to the evaluation of the acceptance that is needed for the precision determination of the total cross section σt(π−p→π0π0n). The energy dependence of σt(π−p→π0π0n) shows a shoulder at the Roper resonance [i.e., the N(1440)12+], and there is also a maximum near the N(1520)32−. It illustrates the importance of these two resonances to the π0π0 production process. The Dalitz plots are highly nonuniform; they indicate that the π0π0n final state is dominantly produced via the π0Δ0(1232) intermediate state. The invariant-mass spectra differ much from the phase-space distributions. The production angular distributions are also different from the isotropic distribution, and their structure depends on the beam energy. For beam momenta above 550MeV∕c, the density distribution in the Dalitz plots strongly depends on the angle of the outgoing dipion system (or equivalently on the neutron angle). The role of the f0(600) meson (also known as the σ) in π0π0n production remains controversial.
Measured total cross section. Statistical errors only.
Differential angular distributions of the 2PI0 system for the LH2 data at beam momenta 355 to 472 MeV/c. Statistical errors only.
Differential angular distributions of the 2PI0 system for the LH2 data at beam momenta 550 to 678 MeV/c. Statistical errors only.
We report a new measurement of the π−p→3π0n total cross section from threshold to pπ=0.75GeV/c. The cross section near the N(1535)12− resonance is only a few μb after subtracting the large η→3π0 background associated with π−p→ηn. A simple analysis of our data results in the estimated branching fraction B[S11→πN(1440)12+]=(8±2)%. This is the first such estimate obtained with a three-pion production reaction.
Total cross section from threshold to 750 MeV. Only statistical errors are given in the table.
The π−p charge-exchange analyzing power has been measured from 547 to 687 MeV/c in the center-of-mass angular range -0.9≤cosθ̃π≤0.9 using a transversely polarized target. The recoil neutron was detected in coincidence with a photon from π0 decay. The results are compared with the three recent partial-wave analyses (PWA’s); the VPI analysis is most consistent with our measured distributions except at 687 MeV/c where no PWA agrees with our data. The charge-exchange transversity cross sections are evaluated using the differential cross sections of Borcherding et al. These transversity cross sections are used in conjunction with earlier π±p data by our group to test the triangle inequalities which are a model-independent test of isospin invariance. Our data satisfy these inequalities everywhere; in contrast, Abaev et al. have reported a violation of more than 5 standard deviations at 685 MeV/c.
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The analyzing power for π−p→π0n has been measured at five incident momenta from 547 to 687 MeV/c using a transversely polarized target. Data were obtained with scintillation counters at 10 angles simultaneously covering the range −0.9≤cosθc.m.π≤0.9. Our results and those of Kim et al. are used for a model-independent test of isospin invariance which is based on the triangle inequalities applied to the transversity-up as well as the transversity-down cross sections. No evidence is found of isospin violation.
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Differential cross sections have been measured for π+p and π−p elastic scattering at 378, 408, 427, 471, 509, 547, 586, 625, 657, and 687 MeV/c in the angular range -0.8<cosθc.m.<0.8. The scattered pion and recoil proton were detected in coincidence using scintillation-counter hodoscopes. A liquid-hydrogen target was used except for measurements at forward angles, in which a CH2 target was used. Statistical uncertainties in the data are typically less than 1%. Systematic uncertainties in acceptance and detection efficiency are estimated to be 1%. Absolute normalization uncertainties are 2–3 % for most of the data. The measurements are compared with previous data and with the results of recent partial-wave analyses. The data are fit with Legendre expansions from which total elastic cross sections are obtained.
Normalisation uncertainty = 3.1 pct.
Normalisation uncertainty = 4.1 pct.
Normalisation uncertainty = 2.1 pct.
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