Differential cross sections have been measured for nucleon-isobar production and elastic scattering in p−p interactions from 6.2 to 29.7 GeVc in the laboratory angle range 8<θsc<265 mrad. N*' s at 1236, 1410, 1500, 1690, and 2190 MeV were observed. Computer fits to the mass spectra under varying assumptions of resonance and background shapes show that conclusions on t and s dependence are only slightly affected despite typical variations in absolute normalization of ± 35%. Logarithmic t slopes in the small- |t| range are ∼15 (GeVc)−2 for the N*(1410), ∼5 (GeVc)−2 for the N*'s at 1500, 1690, and 2190 MeV, and ∼9 (GeVc)−2 for elastic scattering. Also for the small- |t| data, cross sections for N*'s at 1410, 1500, 1690, and 2190 MeV and for elastic scattering vary only slightly with Pinc consistent with the dominance of Pomeranchuk exchange and with diffraction dissociation. A fit of N*(1690) total cross sections to the form σ∝P−n gives n=0.34±0.06, while for elastic scattering n=0.20±0.05. For the N*(1690) the effective Regge trajectory has the slope αeff′(0)=0.38±0.17. When compared with N* production in π−, K−, and p¯ beams these data also agree with approximate factorization of the Pomeranchuk trajectory. N*(1236) cross sections are consistent with other measurements at similar momenta. For −t>1 (GeVc)−2, elastic scattering cross sections decrease approximately as Pinc−2, and they and N*(1500)− and N*(1690)− production cross sections have t slopes consistent with 1.6 (GeVc)−2.
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The differential cross-section of the reaction γ p→ η p has been measured at the Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) at mean photon energies of 4 and 6 GeV in the momentum transfer range between zero and 1.4 GeV 2 . The data show a slight maximum around t =−0.15 GeV 2 and fall off smoothly till t =−1.4 GeV 2 . There is no indication of a dip around t =−0.5 GeV 2 .
Axis error includes +- 19/19 contribution.
Axis error includes +- 19/19 contribution.
The asymmetry A = (σ + −σ − ) (σ + +σ − ) of the reaction γ p↑↓ → π 0 p was measured at the Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg at a mean photon energy of 4.0 GeV in the four-momentum transfer range 0.2 (GeV/ c ) 2 ⩽ −t ⩽ 1.1 (GeV/ c ) 2 in steps of approximately 0.08 (GeV/ c ) 2 . The π 0 -meson and the proton were detected in coincidence. The asymmetry is compatible with zero in the t -range 0.2 (GeV/ c ) 2 ⩽ − t ⩽ 0.4 (GeV/ c ) 2 and negative in the t -range ⩾ 0.5 (GeV/ c ) 2 .
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The ratio R = (d σ /d t )( γ d → ( π 0 n)p)/(d σ /d t )( γ d → ( π 0 p)n), was measured at the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg at a mean photon energy of 4.0 GeV in the four-momentum transfer range between t = − 0.2 (GeV/ c ) 2 and t = − 1.2 (GeV/ c ) 2 in steps of approximately 0.08 (GeV/ c ) 2 . The ratio R is less than 1 up to t = − 0.9 (GeV/ c ) 2 and shows a broad minimum around t = − 0.6 (GeV/ c ) 2 . Corrections for nuclear effects in the deuterium were not applied but are shown to be small.
No description provided.
The differential cross section of the reaction γ p → π 0 p has been measured at the Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, at a mean photon energy of 4.0 GeV in the four-momentum transfer range between t = −0.2 (GeV/ c ) 2 and t = −1,2 (GeV/ c ) 2 in steps of approximately 0.08 (GeV/ c ) 2 . The experiment was carried out in connection with the measurements of the photoproduction of π 0 mesons on deuterium, which were described in the preceding article. In the present paper the contributions arising from background reactions are discussed in more detail.
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In the reaction K − +p→ Λ +X at 4.25 GeV/ c both the target fragmentation of the proton into lambda and the beam fragmentation of kaon into lambda have been studied. The sample consists of 21 000 Λ events with t >−1.0 (GeV/ c ) 2 and 9000 Λ events with u > −1.0 (GeV/ c ) 2 . Abundant π 0 and meson resonance production for residual masses M x <1.1 GeV/ c 2 is observed. In the t -channel of am effective exchange trajectory is deduced. which lies between the K and K(890) trajectories. In the u -channel the effective exchange trajectory is in good agreement with a nucleon trajectory. The extrapolated average pion multiplicities of the residual mass system in the t -channel are in very good agreement with the values measured in antiproton-proton annihilations at rest.
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The polarization parameter in elastic proton-proton scattering has been measured at 0.75, 1.03, 1.32, 1.63, 2.24, and 2.84 GeV by employing a double-scattering technique. An external proton beam from the Brookhaven Cosmotron was focused on a 3 in.-long liquid-hydrogen target and the elastic recoil and scattered protons were detected in coincidence by scintillation counters. The polarization of the recoil beam was determined from the azimuthal asymmetry exhibited in its scattering from a carbon target. This asymmetry was measured by a pair of scintillation-counter telescopes which symmetrically viewed the carbon target. The analyzing power of this system was previously determined in an independent calibration experiment employing a 40%-polarized proton beam at the Carnegie Institute of Technology synchrocyclotron. False asymmetries were cancelled to a high order by periodically rotating the analyzer 180° about the recoil beam line. Spark chambers were utilized to obtain the spatial distribution of the beam as it entered the analyzer; this information allowed an accurate determination of the corrections necessary to compensate for any misalignment of the axis of the analyzer relative to the incident-beam centroid. Values of the polarization parameter as a function of the center-of-mass scattering angle are given for each incident beam energy. The predictions of the Regge theory for polarization in elastic proton-proton scattering and recently published phase-shift solutions are compared with the experimental results. Surprisingly good agreement with the Regge predictions is found despite the low energies involved.
'ALL'.
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Differential cross sections for the elastic scattering of positive pi mesons by protons were measured at the Berkeley Bevatron at pion laboratory kinetic energies between 500 and 1600 MeV. Fifty scintillation counters and a matrix coincidence system were used to identify incoming pions and detect the recoil proton and pion companions. Results were fitted with a power series in the cosine of the center-of-mass scattering angle, and total elastic cross sections were obtained by integrating under the fitted curves. The coefficients of the cosine series are displayed, plotted versus the laboratory kinetic energy of the pion. The most striking features of these curves are the large positive value of the coefficient of cos6θ*, and the large negative value of the coefficient of cos4θ*, both of which maximize in the vicinity of the 1350-MeV peak in the total cross section. These results indicate that the most predominant state contributing to the scattering at the 1350-MeV peak has total angular momentum J=72, since the coefficients for terms above cos6θ* are negligible at this energy. One possible explanation is that the 1350-MeV peak is the result of an F72 resonance lying on the same Regge-pole trajectory as the (32, 32) resonance near 195 MeV.
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The interaction of 1.0-, 1.25-, and 2.0-Bev antiprotons with protons has been studied with the aid of a 4π solid-angle scintillation-counter detector system. The measured total cross sections at the above energies are 100, 89, and 80 mb, respectively. At each energy, the charge-exchange cross section is approximately 5 mb. The total elastic cross sections are 33, 28, and 25 mb, respectively, at the three energies. The angular distribution of elastic scattering has been fitted with a simple optical-model calculation.
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The energy dependence of the differential cross section for $\pi^+ p$ elastic scattering at a c.m. angle near 174 ° has been measured. The momentum range of incident $\pi^+$ was 2.06-4.70 GeV/c. On this energy dependence one can see a structure, i.e. maxima corresponding to the baryon resonances $\Delta(2420)$ and $\Delta(2840)$. The structure is used for determination of the parities of these resonances.
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