In this Report, QCD results obtained from a study of hadronic event structure in high energy e^+e^- interactions with the L3 detector are presented. The operation of the LEP collider at many different collision energies from 91 GeV to 209 GeV offers a unique opportunity to test QCD by measuring the energy dependence of different observables. The main results concern the measurement of the strong coupling constant, \alpha_s, from hadronic event shapes and the study of effects of soft gluon coherence through charged particle multiplicity and momentum distributions.
Jet fractions using the JADE algorithm as a function of the jet resolution parameter YCUT at c.m. energy 130.1 GeV.
Jet fractions using the JADE algorithm as a function of the jet resolution parameter YCUT at c.m. energy 136.1 GeV.
Jet fractions using the JADE algorithm as a function of the jet resolution parameter YCUT at c.m. energy 161.3 GeV.
We have studied hadronic events produced at LEP at centre-of-mass energies of 130 and 136 GeV. Distributions of event shape observables, jet rates, momentum spectra and multiplicities are presented and compared to the predictions of several Monte Carlo models and analytic QCD calculations. From fits of event shape and jet rate distributions to\({\mathcal{O}}(\alpha _s^2 ) + NLLA\) QCD calculations, we determineαs(133 GeV)=0.110±0.005(stat.)±0.009(syst.). We measure the mean charged particle multiplicity 〈nch〉=23.40±0.45(stat.) ±0.47(syst.) and the position ζ0 of the peak in the ζp = ln(1/xp) distribution ζ0=3.94±0.05(stat.)±0.11(syst.). These results are compared to lower energy data and to analytic QCD or Monte Carlo predictions for their energy evolution.
Determination of alpha_s.
Multiplicity and high moments.
Tmajor distribution.
Charged hadron production ine+e− annihilation is studied in the 7 to 10 GeV CM energy region and at the Υ (9.46) and Υ′ (10.01) resonances with the LENA detector at DORIS. The statistical moments of the charged multiplicities are studied. The data show KNO scaling behaviour and suggest the presence of long range correlations. An average charged multiplicityrise of Δn(Υ)=0.55±0.19 and Δn(Υ′)=1.26±0.29 over the continuum is observed for the Υ and Υ′ direct decays. The jet structure of the Υ and Υ′ direct decays is investigated using the charged particles. The polar angular distributions of the jet axis behave like 1+α(T) cos2θ with 〈α(T)〉Υ=0.7±0.3 and 〈α(T)〉Υ′=0.6±0.4. The 〈α(T)〉Υ value is in agreement with the QCD vector gluon assignment and excludes scalar gluons by more than four standard deviations.
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We report on an analysis of the multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced ine+e− annihilation into hadrons at c.m. energies between 14 and 46.8 GeV. The charged multiplicity distributions of the whole event and single hemisphere deviate significantly from the Poisson distribution but follow approximate KNO scaling. We have also studied the multiplicity distributions in various rapidity intervals and found that they can be well described by the negative binomial distribution only for small central intervals. We have also analysed forward-backward multiplicity correlations for different energies and selections of particle charge and shown that they can be understood in terms of the fragmentation properties of the different quark flavours and by the production and decay of resonances. These correlations are well reproduced by the Lund string model.
RATIO of MULT/DISPERSION for the whole event to that for the single hemisphere data.
Complete event multiplicities.
Single hemisphere multiplicities.
We present the charged-particle multiplicity distributions for e+e− annihilation at center-of-mass energies from 50 to 61.4 GeV. The results are based on a data sample corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 30 pb−1 obtained with the AMY detector at the KEK storage ring TRISTAN. The charged-particle multiplicity distributions deviate significantly from the modified Poisson and pair Poisson distributions, but follow Koba-Nielsen-Olesen scaling and are well reproduced by the LUND parton-shower model.
Fully corrected charged particle multiplicity distributions. Errors for n=2 and 4 are systematic only since these were derived using the LUND 6.3 Monte Carlo normalized to the observations at higher n values.
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The production of the octet and decuplet baryons Λ, Ξ − , Σ (1385) ± , Ξ(1530) 0 and Ω − and the corresponding antibaryons has been measured in a sample of 485 000 hadronic Z 0 decays. Results on differential and integrated cross sections are presented. The differential cross section of Λ baryons is found to be softer than the one predicted by the Jetset and Herwig Monte Carlo generators. The measured decuplet yields are found to disagree with the simple diquark picture where only one tuning parameter for spin 1 diquarks is used. Comparisons of the momentum spectra for Λ and Ξ − with the predictions of an analytical QCD formula are also presented.
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We have measured inclusive distributions for charged particles in hadronic decays of the Z boson. The variables chosen for study were charged-particle multiplicity, scaled momentum, and momenta transverse to the sphericity axes. The distributions have been corrected for detector effects and are compared with data from e+e− annihilation at lower energies and with the predictions of several QCD-based models. The data are in reasonable agreement with expectations.
Mean corrected charged particle multiplicity.
Corrected charged particle X distributions. Errors are statistical and systematic combined.
Corrected charged particle PTIN distributions. Errors are statistical and systematic combined.
The charged-particle multiplicities of hadronic events deriving from produced bottom or charm quarks have been measured in the Mark II detector at PEP in e+e− annihilation at 29GeV. For events containing one semileptonic and one hadronic weak decay, we find multiplicities of 15.2±0.5±0.7 for bottom and 13.0±0.5±0.8 for charm. The corresponding multiplicities of charged particles accompanying the pair of heavy hadrons are 5.2±0.5±0.9 for bottom, and 8.1±0.5±0.9 for charm.
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This paper presents the charged-particle multiplicity distributions for e+e− annihilation at √s =29 GeV measured in the High Resolution Spectrometer. The data, which correspond to an integrated luminosity of 185 pb−1, were obtained at the SLAC e+e− storage ring PEP. The techniques used to correct the observed prong numbers are discussed. The multiplicity distribution of the charged particles has a mean value 〈n〉=12.87±0.03±0.30, a dispersion D2=3.67±0.02±0.18, and an f2 moment of 0.60±0.02±0.18. Results are also presented for a two-jet sample selected with low sphericity and aplanarity. The charged-particle distributions are almost Poissonian and narrower than have been reported by other e+e− experiments in this energy range. The mean multiplicity increases with the event sphericity, and for the sample of threefold-symmetric three-jet events, a value of 〈n〉=16.3±0.3±0.7 is found. No correlation is observed between the multiplicities in the two hemispheres when the events are divided into two jets by a plane perpendicular to the thrust axis. This result is in contrast with the situation in soft hadronic collisions, where a strong forward-backward correlation is measured. For the single jets, a mean multiplicity of 6.43±0.02±0.15 and a dispersion value of D2=2.55±0.02±0.13 are found. These values give further support to the idea of independent jet fragmentation. The multiplicity distributions are well fit by the negative-binomial distribution. The semi-inclusive rapidity distributions are presented. Comparisons are made to the measurements of charged-particle multiplicities in hadron-hadron and lepton-nucleon collisions.
Charged particle multiplicity distribution for the Inclusive Data Sample.
Charged particle multiplicity distribution for the Two Jet Data Sample.
Properties of multiplicity distributions for Inclusive Data Sample.
In this paper, results are presented from a study of the hadronic final states in e+e− annihilation at 29 GeV. The data were obtained with the High Resolution Spectrometer (HRS) at the SLAC PEP e+e− colliding-beam facility. The results are based on 6342 selected events corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 pb−1. The distributions of the events in sphericity (S), thrust (T), and aplanarity (A) are given and compared to other e+e− data in the same energy range. We measure 〈S〉=0.130±0.003±0.010 and 〈1-T〉=0.100±0.002. The sphericity distribution is compared to sphericity measurements made for beam jets in hadronic collisions as well as jets studied in neutrino scattering. The data sample is further reduced to 4371 events with the two-jet selections, S≤0.25 and A≤0.1. The single-particle distributions in the longitudinal and transverse directions are given. For low values of the momentum fraction (z=2p/W), the invariant distribution shows a maximum at z∼0.06, consistent with a QCD expectation. The data at high Feynman x (xF) show distribution consistent with being dominated by a (1-xf)2 variation for the leading quark-meson transition. The rapidity distribution shows a shallow central minimum with a height (1/NevdNh/dY‖Y=0=2.3±0.02±0.07. The mean charged multiplicity is measured to be 〈nch〉=13.1±0.05±0.6. The mean transverse momentum relative to the thrust axis 〈pT〉 rises as a function of z to a value of 0.70±0.02 GeV/c for z≳0.3. The distributions are compared to those measured in other reactions.
New values supplied 6.7.87 by M.Derrick.
No description provided.
New values supplied 6.7.87 by M. Derrick.
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