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The azimuthal anisotropy of $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons in high-multiplicity proton-lead collisions is studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV. The $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons are reconstructed using their dimuon decay channel. The anisotropy is characterized by the second Fourier harmonic coefficients, found using a two-particle correlation technique, in which the $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons are correlated with charged hadrons. A large pseudorapidity gap is used to suppress short-range correlations. Nonflow contamination from the dijet background is removed using a low-multiplicity subtraction method, and the results are presented as a function of $\Upsilon$(1S) transverse momentum. The azimuthal anisotropies are smaller than those found for charmonia in proton-lead collisions at the same collision energy, but are consistent with values found for $\Upsilon$(1S) mesons in lead-lead interactions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV.
The $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ dependent $v_{2}^{\textrm{sub}}$ values of $\Upsilon(1S)$ mesons measured in the high-multiplicity region of $70 \leq N^{\text{offline}}_{\text{trk}} < 300$, where a low-multiplicity region of $N^{\text{offline}}_{\text{trk}} < 50$ is used to estimate and correct for the dijet contribution.
The $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ dependent $v_{2}^{\textrm{sub}}$ values of $\Upsilon(1S)$ mesons measured in the high-multiplicity region of $70 \leq N^{\text{offline}}_{\text{trk}} < 300$, where a low-multiplicity region of $N^{\text{offline}}_{\text{trk}} < 50$ is used to estimate and correct for the dijet contribution.
We report the triton ($t$) production in mid-rapidity ($|y| <$ 0.5) Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$= 7.7--200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment from the first phase of the beam energy scan at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The nuclear compound yield ratio ($\mathrm{N}_t \times \mathrm{N}_p/\mathrm{N}_d^2$), which is predicted to be sensitive to the fluctuation of local neutron density, is observed to decrease monotonically with increasing charged-particle multiplicity ($dN_{ch}/d\eta$) and follows a scaling behavior. The $dN_{ch}/d\eta$ dependence of the yield ratio is compared to calculations from coalescence and thermal models. Enhancements in the yield ratios relative to the coalescence baseline are observed in the 0%-10% most central collisions at 19.6 and 27 GeV, with a significance of 2.3$\sigma$ and 3.4$\sigma$, respectively, giving a combined significance of 4.1$\sigma$. The enhancements are not observed in peripheral collisions or model calculations without critical fluctuation, and decreases with a smaller $p_{T}$ acceptance. The physics implications of these results on the QCD phase structure and the production mechanism of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions are discussed.
Particle yield ratios at 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 54.4, 62.4, and 200 GeV, 0%-10% centrality
The extreme temperatures and energy densities generated by ultra-relativistic collisions between heavy nuclei produce a state of matter with surprising fluid properties. Non-central collisions have angular momentum on the order of 1000$\hbar$, and the resulting fluid may have a strong vortical structure that must be understood to properly describe the fluid. It is also of particular interest because the restoration of fundamental symmetries of quantum chromodynamics is expected to produce novel physical effects in the presence of strong vorticity. However, no experimental indications of fluid vorticity in heavy ion collisions have so far been found. Here we present the first measurement of an alignment between the angular momentum of a non-central collision and the spin of emitted particles, revealing that the fluid produced in heavy ion collisions is by far the most vortical system ever observed. We find that $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda}$ hyperons show a positive polarization of the order of a few percent, consistent with some hydrodynamic predictions. A previous measurement that reported a null result at higher collision energies is seen to be consistent with the trend of our new observations, though with larger statistical uncertainties. These data provide the first experimental access to the vortical structure of the "perfect fluid" created in a heavy ion collision. They should prove valuable in the development of hydrodynamic models that quantitatively connect observations to the theory of the Strong Force. Our results extend the recent discovery of hydrodynamic spin alignment to the subatomic realm.
Elliptic flow (v_2) values for identified particles at midrapidity in Au + Au collisions measured by the STAR experiment in the Beam Energy Scan at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at sqrt{s_{NN}}= 7.7--62.4 GeV are presented for three centrality classes. The centrality dependence and the data at sqrt{s_{NN}}= 14.5 GeV are new. Except at the lowest beam energies we observe a similar relative v_2 baryon-meson splitting for all centrality classes which is in agreement within 15% with the number-of-constituent quark scaling. The larger v_2 for most particles relative to antiparticles, already observed for minimum bias collisions, shows a clear centrality dependence, with the largest difference for the most central collisions. Also, the results are compared with A Multiphase Transport Model and fit with a Blast Wave model.
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Measurements of the elliptic flow, $v_{2}$, of identified hadrons ($\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, $K_{s}^{0}$, $p$, $\bar{p}$, $\phi$, $\Lambda$, $\bar{\Lambda}$, $\Xi^{-}$, $\bar{\Xi}^{+}$, $\Omega^{-}$, $\bar{\Omega}^{+}$) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39 and 62.4 GeV are presented. The measurements were done at mid-rapidity using the Time Projection Chamber and the Time-of-Flight detectors of the STAR experiment during the Beam Energy Scan program at RHIC. A significant difference in the $v_{2}$ values for particles and the corresponding anti-particles was observed at all transverse momenta for the first time. The difference increases with decreasing center-of-mass energy, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ (or increasing baryon chemical potential, $\mu_{B}$) and is larger for the baryons as compared to the mesons. This implies that particles and anti-particles are no longer consistent with the universal number-of-constituent quark (NCQ) scaling of $v_{2}$ that was observed at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 200 GeV. However, for the group of particles NCQ scaling at $(m_{T}-m_{0})/n_{q}>$ 0.4 GeV/$c^{2}$ is not violated within $\pm$10%. The $v_{2}$ values for $\phi$ mesons at 7.7 and 11.5 GeV are approximately two standard deviations from the trend defined by the other hadrons at the highest measured $p_{T}$ values.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow,v_2, as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T, from 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for various particle species and energies.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected particles re plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< pT<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p__T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2 (p_T), in 0–80% central Au+Au collisions for selected anti-particles are plotted only for the transverse momentum range of 0.2< p_T<1.6 GeV/c to emphasize the mass ordering at low p_T.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged pions as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged koans as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged kaons as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged koans as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged koans as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged koans as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged koans as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged koans as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged koans as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of charged koans as a function of the transverse momentum,p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions. Different ∆v_2 ranges were used for the upper and lower panels.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of p, $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au. collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au. collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au. collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2 of $Omega^{-}$ and $\overline{\Omega^{+}}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T,for 0–80% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of p and $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T, for 0–10% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of p and $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T, for 0–10% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow, v_2, of p and $\overline{p}$ as a function of the transverse momentum, p_T, for 0–10% central Au+Au collisions.
The elliptic flow,v_2, of 0–80% central Au+Au collisions as a function of the reduced transverse mass,$ m_T−m_0 $, for selected particles.
The elliptic flow,v_2, of 0–80% central Au+Au collisions as a function of the reduced transverse mass,$ m_T−m_0 $, for selected particles.
The elliptic flow,v_2, of 0–80% central Au+Au collisions as a function of the reduced transverse mass,$ m_T−m_0 $, for selected particles.
The elliptic flow,v_2, of 0–80% central Au+Au collisions as a function of the reduced transverse mass,$ m_T−m_0 $, for selected anti-particles.
We present measurements of 2$^{nd}$ order azimuthal anisotropy ($v_{2}$) at mid-rapidity $(|y|<1.0)$ for light nuclei d, t, $^{3}$He (for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200, 62.4, 39, 27, 19.6, 11.5, and 7.7 GeV) and anti-nuclei $\bar{\rm d}$ ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200, 62.4, 39, 27, and 19.6 GeV) and $^{3}\bar{\rm He}$ ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV) in the STAR (Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC) experiment. The $v_{2}$ for these light nuclei produced in heavy-ion collisions is compared with those for p and $\bar{\rm p}$. We observe mass ordering in nuclei $v_{2}(p_{T})$ at low transverse momenta ($p_{T}<2.0$ GeV/$c$). We also find a centrality dependence of $v_{2}$ for d and $\bar{\rm d}$. The magnitude of $v_{2}$ for t and $^{3}$He agree within statistical errors. Light-nuclei $v_{2}$ are compared with predictions from a blast wave model. Atomic mass number ($A$) scaling of light-nuclei $v_{2}(p_{T})$ seems to hold for $p_{T}/A < 1.5$ GeV/$c$. Results on light-nuclei $v_{2}$ from a transport-plus-coalescence model are consistent with the experimental measurements.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d,anti-d,t,He,anti-He from minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 200 GeV (d data points are also shown in Fig 5).
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d,anti-d,t,He from minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 62.4 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d,anti-d,t,He from minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 39 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d,anti-d,t,He from minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 27 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d,anti-d,t,He from minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 19.6 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d,t,He from minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 11.5 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d,t,He from minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 7.7 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) difference for d-dbar in minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 200 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) difference for d-dbar in minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 62.4 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) difference for d-dbar in minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 39 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) difference for d-dbar in minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 27 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) difference for d-dbar in minimum bias (0-80%) Au+Au collisions 19.6 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d and anti-d for 0-10%, 10-40% and 40-80% in Au+Au collisions 200 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d and anti-d for 0-30% and 30-80% in Au+Au collisions 62.4 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d and anti-d for 0-30% and 30-80% in Au+Au collisions 39 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d and anti-d for 0-30% and 30-80% in Au+Au collisions 27 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d 0-30% and 30-80% in Au+Au collisions 19.6 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d 0-30% and 30-80% in Au+Au collisions 11.5 GeV.
Mid-rapidity v2(pT) for d 0-30% and 30-80% in Au+Au collisions 7.7 GeV.
Elliptic flow ($v_{2}$) values for identified particles at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions, measured by the STAR experiment in the Beam Energy Scan at RHIC at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 7.7--62.4 GeV, are presented. A beam-energy dependent difference of the values of $v_{2}$ between particles and corresponding anti-particles was observed. The difference increases with decreasing beam energy and is larger for baryons compared to mesons. This implies that, at lower energies, particles and anti-particles are not consistent with the universal number-of-constituent-quark (NCQ) scaling of $v_{2}$ that was observed at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 200 GeV.
The elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of protons and anti-protons as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_{T}$, for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The lower panels show the difference in $v_{2}(p_{T})$ between the particles and anti-particles. The solid curves are fits with a horizontal line. The shaded areas depict the magnitude of the systematic errors.
The elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of protons and anti-protons as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_{T}$, for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The lower panels show the difference in $v_{2}(p_{T})$ between the particles and anti-particles. The solid curves are fits with a horizontal line. The shaded areas depict the magnitude of the systematic errors.
The elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of protons and anti-protons as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_{T}$, for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The lower panels show the difference in $v_{2}(p_{T})$ between the particles and anti-particles. The solid curves are fits with a horizontal line. The shaded areas depict the magnitude of the systematic errors.
The elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of protons and anti-protons as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_{T}$, for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The lower panels show the difference in $v_{2}(p_{T})$ between the particles and anti-particles. The solid curves are fits with a horizontal line. The shaded areas depict the magnitude of the systematic errors.
The elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of protons and anti-protons as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_{T}$, for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The lower panels show the difference in $v_{2}(p_{T})$ between the particles and anti-particles. The solid curves are fits with a horizontal line. The shaded areas depict the magnitude of the systematic errors.
The elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of protons and anti-protons as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_{T}$, for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The lower panels show the difference in $v_{2}(p_{T})$ between the particles and anti-particles. The solid curves are fits with a horizontal line. The shaded areas depict the magnitude of the systematic errors.
The elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of protons and anti-protons as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_{T}$, for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The lower panels show the difference in $v_{2}(p_{T})$ between the particles and anti-particles. The solid curves are fits with a horizontal line. The shaded areas depict the magnitude of the systematic errors.
The elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of protons and anti-protons as a function of the transverse momentum, $p_{T}$, for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The lower panels show the difference in $v_{2}(p_{T})$ between the particles and anti-particles. The solid curves are fits with a horizontal line. The shaded areas depict the magnitude of the systematic errors.
The difference in $v_{2}$ between particles $(X)$ and their corresponding anti-particles $(X)$ (see legend) as a function of $\sqrt(s_{NN})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions. The dashed lines in the plot are fits with a power-law function. The error bars depict the combined statistical and systematic errors.
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
The number-of-constituent quark scaled elliptic flow $(v_{2}/n_{q})((m_{T} − m_{0})/n_{q})$ for 0–80$\%$ central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 and 62.4 GeV for selected particles, frames a) and b), and corresponding anti-particles, frames c) and d). The dashed lines are simultaneous fits [29] to all of the data sets at a given energy. The lower panels depict the ratios to the fits, while a $\pm10\%$ interval is shown as the shaded area to guide the eye. Some data points for $\varphi$ and $\Xi$ are out of the plot range in the lower panels of frames a) and c).
We report results for $K/\pi$ fluctuations from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 19.6, 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV using the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Our results for $K/\pi$ fluctuations in central collisions show little dependence on the incident energies studied and are on the same order as results observed by NA49 at the Super Proton Synchrotron in central Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 12.3 and 17.3 GeV. We also report results for the collision centrality dependence of $K/\pi$ fluctuations as well as results for $K^{+}/\pi^{+}$, $K^{-}/\pi^{-}$, $K^{+}/\pi^{-}$, and $K^{-}/\pi^{+}$ fluctuations. We observe that the $K/\pi$ fluctuations scale with the multiplicity density, $dN/d\eta$, rather than the number of participating nucleons.
(Color online) The event-by-event $K/\pi$ ratio for 200 GeV Au+Au central collisions (0-5%) compared with the same quantity calculated from mixed events. The inset shows the ratio of the distribution from real events to that from mixed events. The errors shown are statistical.
(Color online) The event-by-event $K/\pi$ ratio for 200 GeV Au+Au central collisions (0-5%) compared with the same quantity calculated from mixed events. The inset shows the ratio of the distribution from real events to that from mixed events. The errors shown are statistical.
(Color online) The dN/dη scaled dynamical $K/\pi$ fluctuations for summed charges (stars), same signs (circles), and opposite signs (squares) as a function of $dN/d\eta$. The errors shown are statistical. The open and filled symbols refer to Au+Au collisions at 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV respectively. The dash-dot, dotted, and dashed lines represents HIJING calculations for summed charges, same signs, and opposite signs respectively.
We present the centrality dependent measurement of multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles and photons in Au + Au collisions at sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 GeV. The charged particles and photons are measured in the pseudorapidity region 2.9 < eta < 3.9 and 2.3 < eta < 3.7, respectively. We have studied the scaling of particle production with the number of participating nucleons and the number of binary collisions. The photon and charged particle production in the measured pseudorapidity range has been shown to be consistent with energy independent limiting fragmentation behavior. The photons are observed to follow a centrality independent limiting fragmentation behavior while for the charged particles it is centrality dependent. We have carried out a comparative study of the pseudorapidity distributions of positively charged hadrons, negatively charged hadrons, photons, pions, net protons in nucleus--nucleus collisions and pseudorapidity distributions from p+p collisions. From these comparisons we conclude that baryons in the inclusive charged particle distribution are responsible for the observed centrality dependence of limiting fragmentation. The mesons are found to follow an energy independent behavior of limiting fragmentation while the behavior of baryons seems to be energy dependent.
(Color Online) Variation of $N_{ch}$ normalized to the number of participating nucleon pair in the FTPC coverage $(2.9 \leq \eta \leq 3.9)$ and $N_{\gamma}$ normalized to the number of participating nucleon pair in the PMD acceptance $(2.3 \leq \eta \leq 3.7)$ as a function of $N_{part}$. The lower band shows the uncertainty in the ratio due to uncertainties in $N_{part}$ calculations.
(Color Online) Variation of $N_{ch}$ normalized to the number of participating nucleon pair in the FTPC coverage $(2.9 \leq \eta \leq 3.9)$ and $N_{\gamma}$ normalized to the number of participating nucleon pair in the PMD acceptance $(2.3 \leq \eta \leq 3.7)$ as a function of $N_{part}$. The lower band shows the uncertainty in the ratio due to uncertainties in $N_{part}$ calculations.
(Color Online) Variation of $N_{ch}$ normalized to the number of collisions in the FTPC coverage $(2.9 \leq \eta \leq 3.9)$ and $N_{\gamma}$ normalized to number of collisions, in the PMD coverage $(2.3 \leq \eta \leq 3.7)$ as a function of $N_{coll}$. The lower band shows the uncertainty in the ratio due to uncertainties in $N_{coll}$ calculations.
(Color Online) Variation of $N_{ch}$ normalized to the number of collisions in the FTPC coverage $(2.9 \leq \eta \leq 3.9)$ and $N_{\gamma}$ normalized to number of collisions, in the PMD coverage $(2.3 \leq \eta \leq 3.7)$ as a function of $N_{coll}$. The lower band shows the uncertainty in the ratio due to uncertainties in $N_{coll}$ calculations.
(Color Online) Variation of $dN_{ch}/d\eta$ normalized to $N_{part}$ with $\eta – y_{beam}$ for central and peripheral collisions for positively charged hadrons ($h^{+}$) and negatively charged hadrons ($h^{−}$).
Anisotropies in the initial energy density distribution of the quark-gluon plasma created in high energy heavy ion collisions lead to anisotropies in the azimuthal distributions of the final-state particles known as collective flow. Fourier harmonic decomposition is used to quantify these anisotropies. The higher-order harmonics can be induced by the same order anisotropies (linear response) or by the combined influence of several lower order anisotropies (nonlinear response) in the initial state. The mixed higher-order anisotropic flow and nonlinear response coefficients of charged particles are measured as functions of transverse momentum and centrality in PbPb collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 2.76 and 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector. The results are compared with viscous hydrodynamic calculations using several different initial conditions, as well as microscopic transport model calculations. None of the models provides a simultaneous description of the mixed higher-order flow harmonics and nonlinear response coefficients.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{22}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{23}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{222}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{33}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{223}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{22}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{23}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{222}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{33}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{223}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{22}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{23}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{222}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{33}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{223}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{22}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{23}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{222}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{33}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{223}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{4}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{5}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{6}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{6}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{7}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{4}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{5}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{6}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{6}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
The overall flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{7}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{22}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{23}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{222}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{33}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{223}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{22}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{23}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{222}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{33}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{223}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{422}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{523}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{6222}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{633}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{7223}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{422}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{523}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{6222}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{633}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{7223}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{422}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{523}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{6222}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{633}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{7223}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 0-20% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{422}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{523}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{6222}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{633}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{7223}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of PT in the 20-60% centrality range.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{22}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{23}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{222}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{33}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{223}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_4\{\Psi_{22}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_5\{\Psi_{23}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{222}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_6\{\Psi_{33}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Mixed higher-order flow harmonic $v_7\{\Psi_{223}\}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{422}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{523}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{6222}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{633}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{7223}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{422}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{523}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{6222}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{633}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{7223}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{422}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{523}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{6222}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{633}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{7223}$ from the scalar-product method at 5.02 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{422}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{523}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{6222}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{633}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
Nonlinear response coefficient $\chi_{7223}$ from the scalar-product method at 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality.
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