The polarization parameter in π + p backward elastic scattering at 6 GeV/ c incident pion momentum has been measured using a butanol polarized proton target, a high intensity pion beam, and a scintillation hodoscope detection system. Details of the apparatus and data analysis are presented here, together with the final results.
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The polarization parameter P has been measured for elastic π + p, K + p and pp scattering at 45 GeV/c. Four-momentum transfer ranges from −0.08 to −1.1 (GeV/) 2 for pp, and from −0.08 to −0.9 (GeV/) 2 for π + p and K + p. The energy dependence of the polarization P ( t ) in π + p and in K + p above 6 GeV/c incident momentum is compatible with interference between pomeron and Regge poles. On the other hand, the polarization in p p elastic scattering decreases faster than ordinary Regge model predictions. This result can be explained by interference between non flip and flip amplitudes of the pomeron, leading to negative values for the polarization.
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We have made measurements of polarization in π−p elastic scattering, with emphasis over the backward region, at 1.60 to 2.28 GeVc. The results indicate the absence of u-channel dominance in the backward region, as was observed in the case of π+p scattering. Comparisons have been made with predictions of various phase-shift analyses which show that the agreement is generally very poor in the backward region.
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The polarization and the differential cross section in π−p elastic scattering have been measured at incident pion laboratory momenta of 1.70, 1.88, 2.07, 2.27, and 2.50 GeV/c. The experiment was carried out at the Argonne zero-gradient synchrotron with a polarized proton target. Details of the apparatus and data analysis are presented here together with the final results. A partial-wave analysis of the data has verified the JP=72+ assignment for the Δ(1950) and established a JP=72− assignment for the N(2190). It does not support a JP=112+ assignment for the Δ(2460), nor does it give support for some of the possible resonances found in the CERN phase-shift analysis. Apart from the resonance behavior, the partial-wave analysis reveals several new features. We find a striking correlation among the various partial-wave amplitudes at the highest energy, which is different for J=l+12 and J=l−12. In addition, several fixed-(−t) features of high-energy scattering emerge in the energy region of this analysis.
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The polarization parameter in π±p elastic scattering has been measured at several momenta in the range 2.50-5.15 GeV/c pion laboratory momentum and covering the range in t approximately from -0.2 to -2.0(GeV/c)2. The data show positive polarization for π±p scattering, having a dip near t=−0.6 (GeV/c)2 and becoming relatively large at greater values of −t. The results for π+ and π− scattering are approximately equal in magnitude but of opposite sign. The data have been analyzed to separate the components, which are symmetric and antisymmetric with respect to pion charge, and to show both the t and s dependence of each part.
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Polarization and differential cross-section data for elastic scattering of positive pions on protons between 0.82 and 2.74 GeV/ c are presented. A dip in the polarization, at constant u ≈ −0.65 GeV 2 , is observed. The data are compared with published phase-shift analyses.
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This paper presents the results of a counter experiment at the Rutherford Laboratory, in which the polarization parameter in π + p elastic scattering was measured. Data were taken at 64 incident pion momenta between 0.60 and 2.65 GeV/ c . The results are found to be in generally good agreement with those of other experiments, and have substantially higher precision at many momenta.
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Angular distributions of recoil-proton polarization in elastic π±p scattering were measured at 523-, 572-, and 689-MeV incident pion kinetic energy. Polarization measurements were made by observing the azimuthal asymmetry in the subsequent scattering of recoil protons in large carbon-plate spark chambers. Typical strong variation of the polarization with pion scattering angle near the πp diffraction minima was observed. Since existing opinion favors a D13 resonance at 600 MeV, a phase-shift analysis was attempted in order to confirm the existence and parity of this resonance. Available πp total and differential cross sections, these polarization data, and some possible restrictive assumptions related to the 600-MeV resonance were used in the analysis. Though the polarization results aided significantly in restricting the number of acceptable phase-shift sets, still, many plausible and qualitatively different sets were found.
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